You are using the runtime-only build of Vue where the template compiler is not available. Either pre-compile the templates into render functions, or use the compiler-included build.

需要指定使用 vue/dist/vue.esm.js 完整版。

import Vue from "vue/dist/vue.esm.js";

const path = require("path");

function resolve(dir) {
    return path.join(__dirname, dir);
}

module.exports = {
    configureWebpack: (config) => {
        config.resolve = {
            extensions: [".js", ".vue", ".json"],
            alias: {
                vue$: "vue/dist/vue.esm.js",
                "@": resolve("src"),
            },
        };
    },
};